A new study co-authored by Shiv Pillai, MD PhD, reveals two distinct populations of human memory B cells that persist long-term after vaccination or infection. Published in Cell Reports, the research identifies canonical memory B cells, originating from germinal centers, and a newly characterized durable population known as DN1 B cells.

The study found that DN1 B cells differ significantly from canonical memory B cells. They possess unique molecular signatures associated with the TP63 gene, show lower levels of mutation but greater clonal expansion, and can persist without continuous antigen exposure. These cells may serve as a reservoir preserving immune responses against diverse pathogens.

The Pillai Lab at the Ragon Institute has pioneered fundamental discoveries about B lymphocytes, leading to novel treatments currently used for B cell leukemias and autoimmune diseases. Their research explores immune cell dysfunction in autoimmune disorders, genetic immune disorders, and severe viral infections like COVID-19, informing clinical trials and therapies. The lab specifically investigates how chromatin changes influence B and T cell development, collaboration, and immune function.

The findings of this study have significant implications for developing more effective vaccines and immunotherapies by leveraging naturally resilient B cell subsets.